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DisclaimerAll calculated values are guidance only and intended as a starting point. Griffiths Engineering Solutions Ltd accepts no responsibility for outcomes resulting from their use.
Geometry

Circle Calculator

Enter any one value — all others calculate automatically.

r d C Area (A)
r = radius · d = diameter · C = circumference · A = area
mm
mm
mm
mm²

Tube Wall Area

Calculate cross-sectional wall area. Useful for weld force calculations.

OD/2 ID/2 Wall Area
Wall Area = π/4 × (OD² − ID²)
mm
mm
mm²
OD must be greater than ID.

Right-Angle Triangle

Enter any two known values to calculate the rest.

A B C α 90°
Enter any 2 known values · Angles in degrees
mm
mm
mm
deg
Please enter at least two known values.
Electrical

Ohm's Law

Enter any two values. V = IR  ·  P = VI

V
A
Ω
W
Please enter at least two values.

Single Phase — kW to Amps

Calculate current from power, voltage and power factor.

kW
V
A
Please check input values.

Three Phase — kW to Amps

Calculate per-phase current for three phase systems.

kW
V
A
Please check input values.

kVA Calculator

Calculate apparent power from voltage and current, or amps from kVA and voltage. Works in both directions.

V
A
kVA
kW
kW
Please enter voltage and either amps or kVA.

Horsepower to Kilowatts

Convert between HP and kW in both directions.

HP
kW

RMS ↔ Peak Voltage

Convert between RMS and peak voltage.

V
V
V DC
DC Bus Note: The DC bus voltage of a VFD is approximately equal to the peak of the incoming AC supply (RMS × √2 = ×1.414). For a 400V RMS supply the expected DC bus is approximately 565V DC. A DC bus reading significantly below this value may indicate supply issues, faulty rectifier diodes or a degraded capacitor bank. Drives will typically trip on undervoltage if the bus drops below approximately 85–90% of the nominal value.
Conversions

Length

Enter any value to convert between all units.

mm
cm
m
in
ft
thou

Temperature

Convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin.

°C
°F
K

Pressure

Convert between common pressure units.

bar
psi
kPa
MPa

Torque

Convert between common torque units.

Nm
ft·lb
in·lb
kgf·m
Cylinders

Cylinder Force Calculator

Hydraulic or pneumatic — the maths is the same. Enter the bore and rod diameters, plus the pressures on each side, and get the net force at the rod tip. Positive force means the rod is being pushed out, negative means it is being pulled back in. Drain side defaults to zero pressure.

BORE Ø ROD Ø BORE PORT ANNULUS PORT — kN
Bore side fills red with pressure · annulus side fills blue · arrow shows net force direction

Geometry

Pressures

Net Rod Force

Net Force at Rod — PUSH
kN

Per-Side Breakdown

Bore-side Force
kN
Annulus-side Force
kN

Areas

Bore Area
mm²
Annulus Area
mm²
Push : Pull Ratio (bore area ÷ annulus area)
: 1

Note — Calculation assumes ideal fluid, no seal friction, and no back-pressure beyond what is entered. Real cylinder force will be slightly lower in service.